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| 1951 |
| | | King Abdullah of Jordan is assassinated on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem | |
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| 1952 |
| | | King Adbullah's grandson Hussein (who was with him when he was assassinated in 1951) becomes king of Jordan | |
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| 1956 |
| | | Israeli troops invade the Sinai peninsula, a province of Egypt bordering the Suez canal | |
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| 1958 |
| | | Egypt and Syria merge as the United Arab Republic (but disengage three years later) | |
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| 1958 |
| | | Yasser Arafat and others in Kuwait found Al-Fatah, a secret organization advocating armed resistance against Israel | |
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| 1958 |
| | | The king of Iraq, Faisal II, is murdered in Baghdad in a coup led by Abdul Karim Qassim | |
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| 1958 |
| | | Nationalist Kurds in the north of Iraq launch a guerrilla war against the new government in Baghdad | |
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| 1960 |
| | | Nazi war criminal Adolf Eichmann, discovered in Buenos Aires, is kidnapped by Israeli agents | |
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| 1961 |
| | | The trial of Adolf Eichmann begins in an Israeli court in Jerusalem, with TV cameras permitted to broadcast the event live around the world | |
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| 1961 |
| | | Syria withdraws from the United Arab Republic (UAR) seeing it as unacceptably dominated by Egypt | |
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